Protective Effect of Gymnema Sylvestre and Rosmarinus Officinalis Leaves Against Hepatorenal Toxicity of Paracetamol in Experimental Rats

نوع المستند : المقالة الأصلية

المؤلفون

1 Ain Shams University, Faculty of Women for Arts, Science and Education, Home Economics Department

2 Nutrition and Food Science, Home Economic Dept., Faculty of Specific Education, Ain Shams Univ., Cairo, Egypt

المستخلص

This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of Gymnema sylvestre and Rosemary (Rosmarinus Officinalis) leaves to protect against paracetamol induced hepatorenal toxicity. Thirty-six female Albino rats were randomly divided into two main group as follow:  The first group (n= 6 rats) was fed only on the basal diet as a negative control group (ve-) normal (Group1). The second major group is randomly divided into five sup groups (six rats each), as follows: Group (2) the Positive control group (ve+) received orally (2 ml/ kg BW) distilled water/day/rat. Group (3) pretreated orally with 10% / diet /day from rosemary leaves powder. Group (4) pretreated orally with (10 % / diet /day) from G sylvestre leaves powder. Group (5) pretreated orally with (5% G sylvestre +5% rosemary leaves powder / diet /day). While group (6) the reference drug group received orally (100 mg/kg BW) Silymarin suspended in distilled water. After pretreatment for 14 days, induced liver injury in the second major group, Paracetamol at a dose of 2 g/kg BW for 7 days suspended in water was taken orally. At the end of the experiment, the rats were fasted overnight before sacrificed, the blood samples were collected then, centrifuged to obtain the serum for biochemical analysis. The results showed that phytochemical analyses of gymnema and rosemary leaves powder recorded the presence of tannins, saponins and flavonoids. Pre-treatment with rosemary, gymnema, their mix at level 10% and silymarin at level 100 mg/kg BW on group rats attenuated the adverse effects in biological and biochemical alterations that caused by Paracetamol PCM administration, where the pretreatment caused significant increase in body weight gain %, feed intake and feed efficiency ratio (FER) and significant reduction the liver weight and kidney weight when compared to the PCM-intoxicated group. Moreover, Pre-treatment on treated group rats caused significant reduction in PCM-induced increase levels of ALT, AST, ALP, serum urea, uric acid, creatinine & MDA and significant elevation of total protein , CAT &SOD activity. This reversal against PCM-induced effects was also seen of  histopathological examination of liver and kidney. In conclusion: The clear improvement in all the treated groups demonstrates the importance of the gymnema and rosemary leaves and their mix for protection against paracetamol-induced toxicity in rats’ liver and kidney and this effect could be attributed to their antioxidant activity.

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