The effect of intake black mulberry fruits (Morus Nigra, L.) and its leaves powder on improving Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in adult females..

 
          Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common causes of anovulation, causing a hormonal imbalance that affects ovulation. Complementary medicine (CM) and dietary therapy have an important effect treatment for PCOS, this study aims to evaluate the effects of consuming black mulberry (Morus nigra L.) fruits and leaf powder on improving polycystic ovary conditions in adult females. The sample was 45 adult females with polycystic ovaries, their age 20±8 years, were divided into three groups, 15 adult females in all groups, first group intake black mulberry fruits by (50g/day), second group intake aqueous extract leaves powder of black mulberry by (10g/day) and third group intake black mulberry fruits and aqueous extract leaves powder by (25g and 5g/day) respectively, the dietary intervention was for 6 months. The study used tools such as personal and socioeconomic data, food habits, diet history, 24 recall, and clinical signs. Besides the chemical analysis, total phenolic compounds (TPC) and total anthocyanin content were determined for black mulberry and its leaves, in addition to biochemical analyses were performed. The important results were found that black mulberry leaves contain a higher percentage of protein, carbohydrates, fats, fiber, TPC, and antioxidant activity than black mulberry fruits, while black mulberry are superior to their leaves in total anthocyanin. The average intake of anthocyanins and total phenolic intake was higher for the first group than second and third groups. A noticeable improvement in some clinical signs for the skin, hair and face of the three groups after the nutritional intervention, whereas an improvement in the level of sex hormones for the three groups after dietary intervention, while the third group recorded a significant improvement in Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), compared to the other groups, while the first group was better in Testosterone and Progesterone compared to the other two groups. Besides, there were no significant pre and post intervention for three groups in LDL and cholesterol, but there were significant for three groups in insulin, Triglycerides, and HDL at P<0.05.  In conclusion, increments for intake of black mulberry and their leaves helps improve cases of polycystic ovary syndrome in women, this effect may be attributed to their high concentration of bioactive compounds, particularly antioxidants.